![]() In this manuscript, leveraging computational linguistic techniques and a part of a novel dataset of nearly half-a-million articles published in JAMA and NEJM over the past 200 years, we analyze gender and racial/ethnic trends concerning who comprises such authorship. There have been far fewer studies of the self-identified racial and ethnic composition of medical journal authorship, though recent studies have suggested barriers to non-White authorship. Recent scholarship has demonstrated that while the representation of women in prominent journal publications increased from the 1970s through 2006, such proportional authorship has plateaued in recent years. Publications in JAMA and NEJM reach millions of readers globally, influencing topics of conversations and behavior among physicians, educators, researchers, and the international medical community. JAMA is the most widely circulated medical journal in the world (impact factor of 45.54), and NEJM is recognized as having the highest impact factor among all medical journals (IF 74.70). The Journal of the American Medical Association ( JAMA, founded in 1883) and the New England Journal of Medicine ( NEJM, founded in 1812) have played critical roles in the development of medical knowledge and practice. Gender and racial/ethnic disparities in authorship may both reflect and further contribute to disparities in academic advancement. Thus, analysis of authorship demographics in JAMA and NEJM over the past three decades reveals the existence of inequalities in high-impact medical journal authorship. Their appearance as authors has remained stagnant for three decades, despite attention to structural inequalities in medical academia. Black and Hispanic researchers have likewise remained under-represented as first and last authors in both journals, even using the best-case scenario. The rate of increase is so slow that it will take more than a century for both journals to reach gender parity. We found that women remain under-represented in research authorship in both JAMA (at its peak, 38.1% of articles had a female first author in 2011) and NEJM (peaking at 28.2% in 2002). Our main outcomes are the annual proportion of male and female authors and the proportion of racial/ethnic identities in junior and senior authorship positions for articles published in JAMA and NEJM since 1990. Leveraging a novel dataset comprised of nearly all articles published in JAMA and NEJM from 1990 to 2020, along with established reference works for name identification, we explore changing authorship demographics in two of the world’s leading medical journals. Publication in leading medical journals is critical to knowledge dissemination and academic advancement alike. ![]()
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